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KMID : 0356220010320010048
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Journal of the Korean Military Medical Association
2001 Volume.32 No. 1 p.48 ~ p.59
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The prevention of Eye Injuries in Military
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Abstract
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Background. Eye injuries pose important socioeconomic and medical problems. With successive wars in the twentieth century, there has been a relative increase in injuries to the eye compared to injuries of other parts of the body We investigated the mechanism and characteristics of eye injury in military,
Methods. We performed retrospective study by investigating the medical records of major war and medical records of patients who were hospitalized in Armed Forces Capital Hospital from 1996 to 2000. Mechanism and injury characteristics were evaluated for predicting visual outcome according to the classification system introduced by the Ocular Trauma Classification Group. Final visual acuities were defined as favorable (0.2 or better) or unfavorable (0.1 or less).
Results. The main causes of eye injury In war have changed with advances in techniques and weaponry of warfare, with blast fragmentation injuries accounting for 50 -80% of cases. The main cause of blast fragmentation were artillery, aerial bombs, mines, and grenades. Penetrating and perforating injuries were most common, and important to final visual acuity. In Armed Forces Capital Hospital, the open-globe injury (corneal laceration, scleral laceration, and intra-ocular foreign body) were most important to final visual acuity. The patients who had poor primary visual acuity and those who got vitrectomy had unfavorable visual outcome. The main causes of eye injuries were fragmentation from spectacles, stone, nail head, mines, and grenades. The most of the eye injury in military could have prevented by wearing eye armor made by polycarbonate lenses.
Conclusion. The prevention of injuries is ultimately the best management. The eye armor is very effective to prevent eye injuries in military. The eye armor made by polycarbonate lens should be adopted to Korean military to prevent the disastrous eye injuries from fragmentation.
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